Eastern Hainan Wenchang rocket launch site - Introduction

Eastern Hainan Wenchang rocket launch site - Introduction

Building for the future development of China's aerospace industry. The center will be used to launch heavy being developed Long March V rocket series . Construction of a new spaceport, is to adapt to the sustainable development strategy of China's aerospace industry to meet the new generation of non-toxic, non-polluting new spacecraft launch vehicles and launch mission needs. Upon completion, is mainly responsible for satellites in geosynchronous orbit, massive polar-orbiting satellites , large tonnage space station and deep space exploration satellites and other spacecraft launch. Eastern Hainan Wenchang rocket launch site - geographical conditions Hainan is China's terrestrial lowest latitude from the equator nearest regions. Rocket launch from the equator the more recent, lower latitudes, the satellite when you can take advantage of the Earth's rotation as the centrifugal force, so the required lower energy consumption, using the same fuel that can be achieved faster. Allegedly, in Hainan launch geostationary satellites than in the Xichang launch rocket carrying capacity can be increased from 10 to 15%, satellite prolong life for more than 2 years. Meanwhile, the launch site in Hainan election, the rocket can land and sea transport, the size of the rocket is not limited rail (Long March II series due to rail transport constraints, the maximum diameter of its components can only be limited to 3.5 m). In addition, the rockets fired from Hainan Island, the emission direction is within 1000 km ocean, so falling debris easily cause an accident. Eastern Hainan Wenchang rocket . 20 In the 1970s, China Construction spaceport, it was the best of the Hainan Island as one of the sites, but in view of the then Cold War international environment, coastal areas can easily be occupied by foreign troops, eventually had to change in the more difficult Xichang being attacked. Wenchang launch center in the post-Cold War re-construction. 1980s began firing Hainan rocket dating back to the 1980s. December 5, 1988, China's first sounding rocket launch site for scientific research in Hainan West Coast built, mainly launching suborbital rocket (such as ballistic missiles) test base. December 19 the same year, the successful launch of a rocket. The launch site is close to the equator of the few rocket test launch base, it's built on China's development of space science and space technology has great significance. 1994 started the project in Hainan space launch base Hainan space launch base construction projects started from 1994. From 1988 to 2006, this five successful launch site has been launched Vega rocket series. Now being built fourth satellite launch center, will be put into use in 2013. Eastern Hainan Wenchang rocket launch site - Groundbreaking started. Expected in 2013 and put into use 2009 eve of the 60th anniversary, the State Council, the Central Military Commission approved the construction of the Hainan space launch site on September 14 broke ground in Wenchang City, Hainan Province, marking the Chinese New this open, environmentally friendly, modern space launch field has entered the implementation phase. China Hainan spaceport is expected to be completed in 2013 and put into use after use of its completion, not only can basically meet foreign requirements of a variety of satellites in orbit, but also for China to participate in international commercial space launch vehicles more emission to provide a broad space, and promoting the development of China Academy of Space Technology virtuous circle. Meanwhile, Hainan space launch site for optimization and improvement of China's space launch site layout, and promote sustainable development of space industry of strategic importance, and promote Hainan infrastructure, promote local tourism development, prosperity and regional industry has a positive effect. Hainan Cosmodrome launch site in its day, held a grand ceremony, Central Military Commission, the PLA General Armament Minister Chang Wanquan admiral and the CPC Hainan Provincial Party Secretary Wei Liucheng, political commissar of the PLA General Armament Department Chi Wanchun admiral, Hainan Governor Luo as well as relevant state ministries and other government officials attended the ceremony, and shovel for the groundbreaking Hainan spaceport. Milestone in China's space industry. Hainan spaceport project headquarters responsible person said that Hainan spaceport mainly used for launching China's new generation of large non-toxic, non-polluting rockets, satellites in geosynchronous orbit bear, massive polar-orbiting satellites, space stations and deep space large tonnage exploration spacecraft and other space launch mission, which consists of the launch site area, supporting the monitoring and control stations and other regional components, launch site area of ​​about nine degrees north latitude geographical residence, including the launch area, technical area, experimental areas of cooperation, technical service support systems. In addition, construction of the Hainan space launch site because of high starting point, automation, information technology, will be higher degree of intelligence, reliability and safety are further enhanced its construction and use, the development of China's aerospace industry is another milestone in the history, will so that China's space development prospects even brighter future. August 2007, the State Council, China's Hainan spaceport was the Central Military Commission approved the project. For two years, the national authorities and the local government of Hainan closely with the assistance of the Hainan space launch site has completed the project planning, project feasibility studies and preliminary design and a series of work, now has a main project construction conditions. Eastern Hainan Wenchang rocket launch site - features China Hainan spaceport project headquarters director Wangwei Chang told the media that after the completion of the Hainan space launch site, with the implementation of China's manned space project's ability to follow-up task, the task will need to take the appropriate launch. Hainan spaceport built after use, the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center will continue to bear the return type satellites, manned space launch mission projects, the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center is still mainly responsible for the sun-synchronous orbit satellite launch mission, the Xichang Satellite Launch Center will be mainly responsible for the emergency transmitter tasks, and with Hainan Cosmodrome complementary relationship between certain. Wangwei Chang stressed that the construction of the Hainan space launch site is not Jiuquan, Taiyuan and Xichang spaceport three existing duplication and piracy, but in the starting point of the innovation and development, and its reference to the world's aerospace industry's most advanced design concepts and the latest technology , including information technology, intelligence , environmental demands and other innovative elements into the launch sites throughout the design and construction of the whole process to the final completion of a comprehensive launch capability, security, reliability and a high degree of information technology, environmental protection, world-class new modern spaceport. Hainan spaceport project headquarters Zhang Ping, deputy director of Hainan Cosmodrome task process that organizations in Hainan spaceport launch, the rocket loaded tankers departure from the port of Tianjin, the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, East China Sea, Taiwan Strait, South China Sea and other waters Qiongzhou Strait, after five to seven days time, sailed about 1,800 nautical miles to reach Hainan Qinglangang West Pier, and then transported by road rocket ready to plant level reprint. Spacecraft flown to Haikou Meilan Airport, transported by road spacecraft assembly and testing plant. Comprehensive test rocket test hall after entering the vertical assembly and testing plant for erection, butt, comprehensive test. After completion of assembly and testing of spacecraft, transported to the filling in the vertical position with the fairing assembly plant for propellant filling and fairing assembly, then the spacecraft / fairing assembly forms a vertical vertical transport to the rocket and rocket assembly and testing plant Docking installation. Rocket, spacecraft and related Joint General Inspectorate transition preparatory work, the overall transport perpendicular to the launch station, the implementation of fueling, ignition of the rocket launch. Eastern Hainan Wenchang rocket launch site - a competitive advantage. United States , France and Russia and other major powers carefully studied space launch satellite launch site in Hainan after the completion of the impact of the international launch market. These countries agreed that the Hainan launch site after the completion of the international satellite launch market is highly competitive, "undercut" the possibility is not small. Media analysts believe these countries, the choice of launch, the satellite launch party will try to choose low-latitude regions, the best choice near the equator, because it will give the rocket after launch to get the Earth's rotation given by the eastward initial velocity, improve carrying capacity. As we all know, to one kilogram items into space, it takes hundreds of kilograms of fuel. Therefore, the satellite experts always struggled to ensure that satellite-featured, while minimizing the weight of the satellite. However, the volume can not be unlimited expansion launch vehicle, the satellite can not be unlimited reduce weight. The existing technical conditions, can China's "Long March F" rocket thrust from over 70 tons improve a grade, let China launch satellites effective way to save fuel is to be China's spaceport from high northern latitudes inland areas "moving" low-latitude coastal areas to the south. This is the new satellite launch site in Hainan selected causes.Currently, internationally recognized as the ideal launch site is located in South America, Guyana Kourou launch site. The latitude of the launch site latitude 5 °, by the European space-related organizations. Europe's "Ariane" rocket launch is here, and this is "Ariane" rocket an important competitive advantage. In addition, Boeing led by the United States, "Sea Launch" company, not long ago because of the rocket launch explosion, Sea Launch platform by the tragic loss of weight in a short time is difficult to restore, so satellite launch site in Hainan can quickly fill the low completion latitude emission gap in the market. U.S. space launch experts also estimate that satellite launch site in Hainan after the completion of China's "Long March" rockets, as well as future new high-thrust rocket thrust will be increased by 10%. In the future, China's moon program, the Long March series of carrier rockets can be easily manned spacecraft to the moon, establish a lunar base, or manned spacecraft into space, the establishment of China's permanent space station.